A Structural Model of the Influence of Artificial Intelligence Use and Self-Efficacy on Communication Skills Through Critical Thinking Among Economics Education Students at the Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Yogyakarta
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65310/jx2zv617Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Self Efficacy, Critical Thinking, Communication Skills, Economics Education.Abstract
This study examined the structural relationships among Artificial Intelligence use, self efficacy, critical thinking, and communication skills among undergraduate students of the Economics Education Program at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Yogyakarta State University. The study employed a quantitative explanatory approach using an ex post facto design. Data were collected from 249 students through a structured questionnaire based on a five point Likert scale and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. The findings revealed that Artificial Intelligence use and self efficacy significantly and positively influenced critical thinking. Artificial Intelligence use, self efficacy, and critical thinking also demonstrated significant positive effects on communication skills. Critical thinking emerged as the strongest predictor of communication skills and functioned as a significant mediating variable in the relationships between Artificial Intelligence use and communication skills as well as between self efficacy and communication skills. The results indicate that the effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence in higher education depends not only on technological utilization but also on students’ cognitive capabilities in evaluating, interpreting, and communicating information. The study highlights the strategic importance of integrating Artificial Intelligence supported learning environments with initiatives that strengthen self efficacy and critical thinking to improve students’ academic communication competence.
Downloads
References
Alam, A. (2023). Possibilities and challenges of artificial intelligence in education. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 14(6), 801–808. https://doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2023.0140687
Alenezi, M. (2023). Digital transformation and artificial intelligence adoption in higher education institutions. Education Sciences, 13(9), 921–935. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13090921
Aydın, Ö., & Karaarslan, E. (2023). OpenAI ChatGPT generated literature review: Digital transformation, smart cities and artificial intelligence in educational processes. Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management, 8(2), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.55267/iadt.07.13610
Baron, R. A., & Byrne, D. (2017). Social psychology (14th ed.). Pearson Education.
Brookfield, S. D. (2017). Becoming a critically reflective teacher (2nd ed.). Jossey-Bass.
Cottrell, S. (2017). Critical thinking skills: Effective analysis, argument and reflection (3rd ed.). Palgrave Macmillan.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). Sage Publications.
Darmawan, R., & Widiastuti, H. (2025). Determining accounting students' design thinking skills: The role of artificial intelligence usage and digital literacy. Journal of Accounting and Investment, 26(3), 858-881. https://doi.org/10.18196/jai.v26i3.27220
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2019). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
Handayani, S., Megasari, R., Putri, R. D., Daroin, A. D., Majid, M. Z. A., Hartanto, W., ... & Purbowati, S. W. (2026). Exploring The Mediating Role of Digital Literacy in Enhancing Economic Teacher Candidates' Readiness: Insight from Teacher Competence, Critical Thinking Skills, and Teaching Experience. Jurnal Ekonomi Pendidikan dan Kewirausahaan, 14(1), 117-138. https://doi.org/10.26740/jepk.v14n1.p117-138
Hasanuddin, H., Mansyur, F., Malik, A., & Fitrayani, F. (2025). The Role of economic education in optimizing local resource potential to increase community income. Journal of Islamic Economics Lariba, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.20885/jielariba.vol11.iss2.art10
Indriyani, W., & Harsono, H. (2026). Critical Thinking and Learning Interest in Academic Achievement: The Mediating Role of ChatGPT. Edunesia: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 7(1), 128-144. https://doi.org/10.51276/edu.v7i1.1375
Ismaniati, C., Lindra, A. T., & Pratama, H. A. P. (2025). Problem-Based Inquiry Method: Improving Critical Thinking Skills, Academic Outcomes, and Learning Motivation. Jurnal Iqra': Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan, 10(1), 165-183. https://doi.org/10.25217/ji.v10i1.5718
Luckin, R. (2022). AI for schoolteachers. Routledge.
McClelland, D. C. (2018). Human motivation. Cambridge University Press.
Novitasari, D., Anshori, M. Y., & Shiela, F. J. H. (2025). The Effect of Digital Leadership on Performance through Task-Technology Fit and AI Literacy in Creative Industries. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan, 13(6), 5417-5428. https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v13i6.3832
Nurtanto, M., Nawanksari, S., Okianna, Sutrisno, V. L. P., Majid, N. W. A., & Kholifah, N. (2026). A Systematic Literature Review on the Impact of Reading Literacy on Students’ Critical Thinking Skills in Vocational Education. Journal of Teaching and Learning, 20(1), 119-136. https://doi.org/10.22329/jtl.v20i1.10049
Nuryadi, N., Sukestiyarno, Y. L., Suyitno, H., & Kharisudin, I. (2025). Self-Efficacy, Reflective Thinking, and Critical Thinking: A Structural Equation Modeling Study Among Adolescents. Islamic Guidance and Counseling Journal, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.25217/0020258684000
Prakoso, A. F., Subroto, W. T., Andriansyah, E. H., Sari, V. B. M., Ginanjar, A. E., & Srisuk, P. (2025). How do anxiety and self-efficacy affect the problem-solving skills of undergraduate economics students as prospective teachers in Indonesia? The role of metacognition as a mediating variable. Cogent Education, 12(1), 2521160. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2025.2521160
Pramudyo, A., Marzuki, S. Z. S., & Novianto, V. (2026). Deep Learning, Learning Styles, And Creative Economic Behavior: Evidence from Indonesian University Students. KASTA: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Agama, Budaya dan Terapan, 6(1), 639-655. https://doi.org/10.58218/kasta.v6i1.2730
Ria, T. N., Hartono, R., & Wahyuni, S. (2025). The Impact of AI-Supported Case-Based Learning on Students' Self-Efficacy. Jurnal Pemberdayaan Masyarakat, 4(4), 995-1009. https://doi.org/10.46843/jpm.v4i4.588
Saftari, R., Mulyadi, H., & Supardi, E. (2025). Tracing the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Self-Regulated Learning: A Systematic Review Using the Winne and Hadwin Framework (2007–2025). JP (Jurnal Pendidikan): Teori Dan Praktik, 10(1), 78-92. https://doi.org/10.26740/jp.v10n1.p78-92
Sari, D. K., Supahar, S., Rosana, D., Dinata, P. A., & Istiqlal, M. (2025). Measuring artificial intelligence literacy: The perspective of Indonesian higher education students. Journal of Pedagogical Research, 9(2), 143-157. https://doi.org/10.33902/JPR.202531879
Sitorus, D. S. (2025, November). Shaping students' academic and character to face the VUCA era through the integration of artificial intelligence-based accounting learning. In Proceedings of International Conference on Research in Education (Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 52-61). https://doi.org/10.24071/icre.v1i1.5
Susanti, E. Y., Sartono, E. K. E., Adi, B. S., Karim, Q., & Marwanti, E. (2025). Harnessing Technology: Exploring Elementary School Teacher Education Students’ Perceptions on the Use of Artificial Intelligence. Mimbar Ilmu, 30(1), 58-69. https://doi.org/10.23887/mi.v30i1.90316
Sutrisno, S., Siminto, S., Syamsuri, S., Junianto, P., & Pramono, S. A. (2024). The Influence of ChatGPT Usage and Entrepreneurship Education on Students' Entrepreneurial Intentions with Innovative Behaviour as a Mediating Variable: The Perspective of Social Cognitive and Experiential Learning Theory. Jurnal Kependidikan: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian dan Kajian Kepustakaan di Bidang Pendidikan, Pengajaran, dan Pembelajaran, 10(3), 906-919. https://doi.org/10.33394/jk.v10i3.12375
Syukur, F., Maghfurin, A., Marhamah, U., & Jehwae, P. (2024). Integration of artificial intelligence in islamic higher education: comparative responses between Indonesia and Thailand. Nazhruna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 7(3), 531-553. https://doi.org/10.31538/nzh.v7i3.13
Tressyalina, T., Ghaluh, B. M., Wulandari, E., Arief, E., & Noveria, E. (2026). Enhancing students’ critical thinking in criminal case solving: An AI-based pragmatic application for analyzing authentic Indonesian texts and videos. Interactive Learning Environments, 34(2), 543-575. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2025.2504062
UNESCO. (2021). AI and education: Guidance for policy-makers. UNESCO Publishing.
Wahjusaputri, S., Nastiti, T. I., Bunyamin, B., & Sukmawati, W. (2024). Development of artificial intelligence-based teaching factory in vocational high schools in Central Java Province. Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn), 18(4), 1234-1245. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v18i4.21422
Yuhertiana, I., Izaak, W. C., Rahmawati, A., & Sucahyati, D. (2024). Creative performance of lecturers in post-pandemic COVID 19: Evidence from Indonesia. Cogent Education, 11(1), 2369974. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2024.2369974
Zhang, J., Yang, S., & Yazid, Z. (2026). AI awareness and career education in Chinese higher education: serial mediation effects on self-efficacy, employability confidence, and employability. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1080/03069885.2026.2622429
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Aprillia Dwi Handayani, Ahmad Hafidh Saiful Fikri (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
