International Journal of Social Sciences, Language, and Education
Didakta: International Journal of Social Sciences, Language, and Education is a peer-reviewed, open-access academic journal that publishes original research articles and scholarly studies in the fields of social sciences, language, and education. The journal aims to provide an international platform for researchers and practitioners to disseminate high-quality empirical, theoretical, and applied research that addresses contemporary social, linguistic, and educational issues. Didakta is published quarterly (January, April, July, and October) and applies the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0) with no article processing charges.
Communication Patterns Between Parents And Children In Supervising Gadget Use From An Early Age
This study examines parent–child communication patterns in supervising gadget use among children aged 7–9 years in Sidoarjo Regency. A descriptive qualitative design was employed involving six parents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews and documentation and analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s interactive model. The findings reveal that parental supervision is predominantly characterized by open, dialogic, and two-way communication. Parents combine explanations, advice, negotiation, time restrictions, content control, and consequences to guide children’s gadget use. Conversation orientation appears relatively dominant because children are generally allowed to express opinions, objections, and experiences, while conformity orientation remains visible through parental authority and rule enforcement. Active mediation, restrictive mediation, and co-use operate simultaneously and are adapted to family circumstances. Consistent communication and understandable explanations also support children’s acceptance of digital boundaries and emerging self-regulation. However, peer influence, parental fatigue, and limited time can reduce supervisory consistency. Overall, effective gadget supervision depends on balancing parental authority with responsive communication, clear boundaries, and sustained involvement in children’s digital activities. This balance promotes responsible technology use while preserving supportive family relationships overall.
children, family communication, gadgets, parental mediation, parental supervision
Copyright (c) 2026 Nurfaria Najwan Raihana, Yuli Candrasari (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Mapping Psychosocial Factors Associated with Online Gaming Addiction among Generation Z in Surabaya: A Qualitative Study from a Communication Science Perspective
This study aims to identify, map, and describe the psychosocial factors associated with online gaming addiction tendencies among Generation Z in Surabaya from a Communication Science perspective. The study focuses on how psychological needs and social relationships interact with technological characteristics in shaping patterns of excessive online gaming. An empirical descriptive qualitative approach was employed, involving eight Generation Z informants aged 14–24 years who were selected through purposive sampling based on indicators of problematic digital-media use. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation, and analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña. The findings identified three psychological factors, namely emotional regulation and escapism, self-expression in virtual spaces, and instant gratification through game-based reward systems, as well as three social factors consisting of group conformity and mabar culture, Fear of Missing Out (FOMO), and virtual community bonding. Emotional regulation and escapism appeared among all eight informants, while social factors were dominant among five informants compared with three whose dominant patterns were psychological. The findings indicate that online gaming addiction tendencies are not solely associated with individual self-control but emerge through the interaction between psychological needs, peer relationships, virtual belonging, and technological features that sustain player engagement. The study contributes to Communication Science by integrating Uses and Gratifications, Technological Determinism, and virtual communication perspectives to explain the psychosocial dynamics underlying problematic online gaming among Generation Z.
Digital Communication, Generation Z, Online Gaming Addiction, Psychosocial Factors, Uses And Gratifications.
Copyright (c) 2026 Khansa Amelia Putri, Yuli Candrasari (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Resilience and Self-Confidence in Facing the Demands of Political Organizations
Grassroots political party administrators interact directly with the public while carrying out organizational responsibilities in environments characterized by political pressure, public scrutiny, competing interests, and rapidly changing social dynamics. These conditions require not only technical and political competence but also psychological resources that enable administrators to remain confident and adaptive in fulfilling their roles. This study examined the relationship between resilience and self-confidence among political party administrators at the sub-district and urban-village levels in East Jakarta. A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional design was employed using a census approach. Of the 200 administrators in the target population, data from 178 eligible respondents were analyzed. Resilience was measured using the 25-item Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-25), whereas self-confidence was assessed using a 20-item Self-Confidence Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and path analysis, with social pressure and anxiety included as control variables. The results indicated that resilience was positively and significantly associated with self-confidence (β = 0.555, t = 10.669, p < 0.001) and represented the strongest predictor in the model. Social pressure and anxiety remained significant negative predictors, while the overall model explained 72.3% of the variance in self-confidence. These findings demonstrate that resilience is a critical psychological resource supporting administrators' confidence in performing organizational responsibilities under demanding political conditions. Political organizations should therefore complement technical, organizational, and political capacity-building initiatives with resilience development and psychological support programs to strengthen the effectiveness of grassroots administrators.
Copyright (c) 2026 Akmaliansyah Putra Pratama, Anggita Anggurum Yasika Putri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of Transformational Leadership and Competency Development of Teachers and Educational Staff in Improving School Performance
Transformational leadership has become an essential approach for strengthening human resource capacity and improving school performance. However, qualitative evidence explaining how transformational leadership fosters the competency development of teachers and educational staff within Islamic senior secondary schools (madrasahs) remains limited. This study aimed to analyze the role of the principal’s transformational leadership in promoting competency development and improving school performance at MA Miftahul Falah, Bandung City. A qualitative case study design was employed, involving the principal, vice principals, teachers, educational staff, and other relevant stakeholders selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, non-participant observations, and document analysis, and analyzed using the interactive model of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing supported by source and method triangulation. The findings indicate that transformational leadership is implemented through shared vision, inspirational motivation, open communication, empowerment, and support for continuous professional development, contributing to enhanced instructional quality, administrative effectiveness, and organizational performance. The study further reveals that religious values, a family-oriented organizational culture, and the intrinsic motivation of teachers and educational staff reinforce the effectiveness of transformational leadership. These findings contribute to educational leadership literature by proposing a context-sensitive perspective that integrates transformational leadership, competency development, and organizational culture to achieve sustainable school performance in madrasahs.
Competency Development, Madrasah, Organizational Culture, School Performance, Transformational Leadership.
Copyright (c) 2026 Teguh Budianto, Dicky Maryono (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Construct of Ethical Intelligence: The Myth of “Pamali” in the Religiosity of the Kampung Naga Indigenous Community
The controversy surrounding myths has generated theoretical and practical debates, particularly regarding their relationship with religious values and systems of belief. Religions based on sacred texts often position myths as superstitious elements that should be abandoned, while anthropological perspectives recognize myths as cultural mechanisms that communicate moral values, regulate behaviour, and preserve collective identity. This study examines the pamali tradition maintained by the Muslim indigenous community of Kampung Naga as a representation of myth within a religious context. Employing a philosophical-ethnographic approach with descriptive analysis, this research aims to describe the forms and expressions of the pamali myth, analyze the construction of ethical intelligence embedded within pamali, and examine its function as an ethical norm in the religiosity of the Kampung Naga community. The findings reveal that pamali operates as an explicit cultural expression containing ethical messages related to personal conduct, social relationships, environmental responsibility, and spiritual awareness. The study identifies four interconnected dimensions of ethical intelligence, namely personal ethics, social ethics, natural ethics, and religious ethics, which collectively construct a moral framework guiding community life. These findings emphasize that indigenous myths can serve as meaningful ethical resources that connect cultural heritage, religious values, and sustainable social practices.
Ethical Intelligence, Indigenous Community, Kampung Naga, Pamali Myths, Religiosity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nani Widiawati, Maesaroh Lubis (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Transformation Of Digital Public Service Governance In Indonesia: An Analysis Of Policy Implementation From A Public Administration Perspective
This study investigates the policy implementation of digital public service governance in Indonesia through a non-empirical library research design anchored in public administration theory. By synthesizing peer-reviewed literature, statutory regulations, and official institutional reports, the research evaluates the interplay between legislative mandates, bureaucratic restructuring, and organizational adaptation. The findings indicate that while national regulatory frameworks provide essential legal certainty, successful digital transformation is critically dependent on overcoming structural inertia and fostering inter-agency synergy. Furthermore, the analysis highlights that digital literacy and strategic leadership serve as vital determinants for bridging the gap between policy design and grassroots execution. Ultimately, this study contributes to the broader discourse on public sector modernization by demonstrating that technological integration must be accompanied by comprehensive cultural shifts within state institutions to achieve sustainable administrative efficiency and enhanced public service delivery.
Digital Governance, Public Administration, Policy Implementation, Bureaucratic Transformation, Electronic Government
Copyright (c) 2026 Imam Syafi'i (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Artificial Intelligence in Education: Can AI Improve Teacher Performance or Will It Replace Them?
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed educational practices and generated critical debates regarding whether AI enhances teacher performance or threatens the continuity of the teaching profession. This study aims to examine the role of AI in education by analyzing its contributions, limitations, and potential relationship with human teachers. Employing a non-empirical qualitative literature review approach, this research synthesizes international scholarly publications concerning generative AI, personalized learning, classroom management, human-AI collaboration, and the human dimensions of teaching. The findings indicate that AI significantly improves educational efficiency through automation, adaptive learning support, and data-driven instructional assistance. Nevertheless, AI remains limited in performing affective, ethical, and relational functions that constitute essential components of effective teaching. The study concludes that AI is unlikely to replace teachers entirely but will reshape their professional roles through collaborative human-AI models. This research contributes to the theoretical development of hybrid intelligence perspectives in education and provides a comprehensive understanding of technology integration that preserves the centrality of human pedagogical expertise.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nida Ul Hasanah, Amar Ali Aulia, Muhammad Azhar Abdillah, Novel Daud Poedjiono (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Smart Cities and Social Disruption: A Study of Changes in The Patterns of Interaction Among Urban Residents in Palangka Raya
The integration of digital infrastructure within the smart city framework of Palangka Raya has fundamentally reconstructed the communication paradigms and sociological structures of its urban residents. This empirical inquiry investigates the complex transition from conventional face-to-face engagements to technologically mediated networks, examining the accompanying social disruptions and emergent community resiliencies. Utilizing a qualitative case study design with a triadic data collection approach, this research identifies an expansion of spatial-social boundaries characterized by highly efficient yet increasingly impersonal relationships. The accelerated adoption of municipal platforms triggers systemic disruptions, manifested through widening digital divides, intensified individualization of daily routines, and a pronounced erosion of organic communal safety nets. Conversely, urban citizens demonstrate active agency by mobilizing self-taught digital literacy, establishing interest-driven cyber spaces, and re-engineering social schedules to balance virtual connectivity with physical cultural rituals. This dynamic synthesis culminates in the conceptualization of an adaptive hybrid society, demonstrating how developing urban populations maintain humanistic resilience and cultural identity while absorbing technocratic modernizations.
Smart City, Social Disruption, Interaction Patterns, Community Resilience, Urban Sociology.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sriyana Sriyana, Wiwik Suprapti, Muhlis Muhlis (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Social Media Content Production Process for Radio Global FM Surabaya’s Instagram Account
The digital transformation of the radio broadcasting industry requires a paradigm shift from traditional audio-centric models to integrated multi-platform strategies. This study examines the content production process of the @globalfmsby Instagram account to understand how Radio Global FM Surabaya maintains its relevance among modern women and families. Employing a descriptive-operational case study approach with immersive participatory observation, this research identifies three critical production phases: pre-production, production, and post-production. Findings reveal that the station utilizes a structured methodology involving audience-based content pillars, visual assets synchronized with brand identity, and the application of AIDA copywriting techniques bolstered by analytical evaluation. The results demonstrate that effective media convergence is not the byproduct of spontaneous creativity but the result of rigorous, data-driven planning and systematic content management. This study contributes to the literature by providing a professional framework for radio stations seeking to harmonize their broadcast heritage with the requirements of the social media attention economy, ensuring sustainable audience engagement in an increasingly fragmented digital environment.
Content Production, Instagram, Media Convergence, Radio Broadcasting, Strategic Management.
Copyright (c) 2026 Kadishya Aditri Kurnia, Yuli Candrasari (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementation of the Project-Based Learning (PJBL) Model Using A Deep Learning Approach to Enhance Students’ Learning Motivation, Critical Thinking Skills, and Independence at SMAN IT Syech Walid Thaib Shaleh Indragiri
This study evaluates the effectiveness of a Project-Based Learning model integrated with a deep learning approach on the learning motivation, critical thinking skills, and independence of eleventh-grade students at SMAN IT Syech Walid Thaib Shaleh Indragiri. Utilizing a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group, this research provides quantitative evidence of the pedagogical shift from passive instruction to active cognitive engagement. The findings reveal that the experimental group achieved statistically superior gains in motivation, analytical complexity, and self-regulated learning compared to the control cohort. By embedding rigorous academic standards into authentic, student-led projects, the intervention successfully transformed the classroom environment into a hub for intellectual discovery. Metacognitive reflection, as a cornerstone of the deep learning framework, proved vital in deepening student understanding and fostering long-term academic autonomy. This study demonstrates that the strategic fusion of project-based structures and deep learning principles is a robust, replicable model for enhancing student outcomes, offering critical insights for educators and policymakers dedicated to advancing high-quality secondary education and preparing students for multifaceted modern challenges.
Project-Based Learning, Deep Learning, Learning Motivation, Critical Thinking, Student Independence.
Copyright (c) 2026 Minarni Minarni, Ali Muhson (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Dimensions of Service Quality that Influence Online Ratings and Reviews at the Ascent Premiere Hotel in Pasuruan
Advances in digital technology have transformed how customers obtain information and evaluate hotel services. Online ratings and reviews have become major information sources that influence customers' accommodation choices. This study aims to examine the influence of service quality dimensions on online ratings and reviews at the Ascent Premiere Hotel in Pasuruan. A quantitative approach was employed using the SERVQUAL model, comprising Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, and Empathy. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 100 respondents who had stayed at the hotel and used its services. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the five service quality dimensions simultaneously exert a significant influence on online ratings and reviews (F = 53.357, p < 0.001). The coefficient of determination (R² = 0.739) indicates that 73.9% of the variance in online ratings and reviews is explained by the proposed model. Partially, only Reliability and Empathy significantly influence online ratings and reviews, whereas Tangibles, Responsiveness, and Assurance show no significant effects. Empathy emerged as the most influential dimension, highlighting the importance of personalized attention, while Reliability emphasizes the role of consistent service delivery in encouraging positive customer evaluations. These findings suggest that strengthening interpersonal interactions and service consistency is essential for enhancing hotels' digital reputation..
Copyright (c) 2026 Salsabila Fioletta Asshara, Sheidy Yudhiasta (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effectiveness of Mindful Parenting in Reducing Stress Levels among Young Mothers of Preschool-Age Children
This empirical study evaluates the structural efficacy of a targeted mindful parenting training program in mitigating chronic caregiving stress among young mothers rearing preschool age children between three and six years old. Utilizing a quantitative approach embedded within a single group pretest posttest quasi experimental research framework, a homogeneous cohort of thirty active participants underwent a four week structured curriculum focused on introspective emotional awareness, somatic relaxation, attentive listening, and non judgmental acceptance. Longitudinal psychometric data collection executed via the locally adapted Parenting Stress Scale demonstrated a highly significant, uniform reduction in macro level parenting distress, with mean aggregate stress metrics dropping from 48.40 at baseline to 32.50 post intervention (). Advanced domain analysis confirms that the intervention operates via dual mechanisms, simultaneously reducing immediate reactive emotional outbursts within the personal stressor domain and enhancing maternal efficacy and socio contextual adaptability against macro environmental pressures such as economic instability, digital sleep disruptions, and pediatric hospitalization anxiety. These findings establish mindful caregiving as a vital clinical asset that permanently neutralizes maladaptive disciplinary practices and fosters optimal early childhood social emotional development.
Mindful Parenting, Parenting Stress, Maternal Self Regulation, Preschool Children, Socio Contextual Adaptability.
Copyright (c) 2026 Harvi Wahyu Putriadi, Djudiyah Djudiyah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Challenges in Enforcing Copyright Law Amid the Rise of Illegal Movie Streaming in Indonesia
The rapid development of digital technology has transformed the distribution and consumption of cinematographic works through online streaming services, while simultaneously increasing the prevalence of illegal movie streaming activities. This study aims to examine the legal protection of cinematographic copyrights, identify the forms and driving factors of illegal movie streaming, and analyze the challenges of copyright law enforcement in Indonesia. The research employed a normative legal method using statutory and conceptual approaches through an extensive library-based review of legal instruments, academic literature, and relevant scholarly studies. The findings indicate that cinematographic works are protected under Indonesian Copyright Law through moral rights, economic rights, and related rights granted to creators and rights holders. Copyright infringements occur in various forms, including unauthorized streaming, illegal hosting, hyperlink distribution, camcording, re-encoding, and the circumvention of digital protection measures. Law enforcement efforts remain constrained by technological developments, cross-border jurisdictional issues, institutional coordination challenges, and limited public awareness of copyright protection. Strengthening copyright governance therefore requires an integrated approach involving regulatory reform, technological safeguards, interagency cooperation, and public education to enhance legal compliance in the digital era.
Copyright Law, Illegal Movie Streaming, Digital Piracy, Copyright Enforcement, Cinematographic Works.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dalva Aulia Apandi, Distya Rahma Fauziah, Euis Maesaroh, Ikhwan Aulia Fatahillah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Through Strengthening Learning Organization, Servant Leadership, Personality, dan Job Satisfaction in Indonesian Islamic Elementary School
This study examines the direct and indirect effects of Learning Organization, Servant Leadership, Personality, and Job Satisfaction on teachers' Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Indonesian Islamic Integrated Elementary Schools. A quantitative cross sectional survey design was employed involving 176 permanent teachers selected through proportional random sampling from Islamic Integrated Elementary Schools in East Jakarta, Indonesia. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling based on Partial Least Squares. The findings reveal that Personality has a positive and significant effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Job Satisfaction. Job Satisfaction also significantly enhances Organizational Citizenship Behavior, indicating its important role in fostering teachers' discretionary and voluntary contributions beyond formal responsibilities. Learning Organization significantly improves Job Satisfaction and indirectly strengthens Organizational Citizenship Behavior through Job Satisfaction. In contrast, Servant Leadership does not exhibit significant direct or indirect effects within the proposed structural model. The mediation analysis confirms that Job Satisfaction functions as a critical psychological mechanism linking organizational and individual resources to Organizational Citizenship Behavior. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening organizational learning practices, cultivating positive teacher personality characteristics, and improving job satisfaction to promote sustainable organizational effectiveness and educational quality in Indonesian Islamic elementary schools.
Learning Organization, Servant Leadership, Personality, Job Satisfaction, Organizational Citizenship Behavior.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dewi Indah Susanti, Didik Notosudjono, Herfina Herfina (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Between Punishment and Rehabilitation: Judicial Reasoning in Narcotics Adjudication under Article 114 of Indonesia’s Narcotics Law
This study examines the legal basis of judicial reasoning in Judgment No. 183/Pid.Sus/2025/PN.Mlg concerning the application of Article 114 of Law No. 35 of 2009 on Narcotics and evaluates its consistency with contemporary principles of justice. The research employs a normative legal method using statutory and case approaches. Primary legal materials consist of the Narcotics Law, Law No. 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code, Law No. 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights, and relevant judicial decisions. The analysis focuses on the normative qualification adopted by the court, the structure of judicial reasoning, and the implications of the judgment for substantive justice and human rights protection. The findings indicate that the court emphasized formal legal interpretation while providing limited consideration of the rehabilitation mandate contained in Articles 54 and 103 of the Narcotics Law. Evaluation through the theories of John Rawls, Emile Durkheim, and Gustav Radbruch suggests that the judgment prioritizes procedural legality over proportionality, social reintegration, and substantive justice. The study argues for a stronger rehabilitation based approach, greater integration of restorative justice principles, and criminal law reforms that harmonize legal certainty with human rights protection in narcotics adjudication.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alief Raihan, Kadek Wiwik Indrayanti, Hatarto Pakpahan (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Evolution of Criminal Punishment Theory: From Retributive Theory to a Restorative Approach in The Indonesian Criminal Justice System
This study examines the evolution of criminal punishment theory from a retributive orientation toward a restorative approach within the Indonesian criminal justice system and analyzes its implications for contemporary criminal justice reform. The research employed a normative legal method using conceptual and statutory approaches. Primary legal materials consisted of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code, Attorney General Regulation Number 15 of 2020, and Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 of 2024, while secondary materials included scholarly literature on punishment theory and restorative justice. The findings indicate that the development of punishment theory has contributed to a fundamental transformation in the objectives of criminal law, shifting emphasis from retaliation toward recovery, accountability, and social reconciliation. This transformation has encouraged the institutionalization of restorative justice across various stages of criminal justice administration and strengthened the pursuit of substantive justice. However, effective implementation remains challenged by regulatory fragmentation, limited institutional capacity, persistent punitive legal culture, unequal bargaining positions, and potential abuse of discretion. The study concludes that restorative justice possesses significant potential to become a dominant paradigm within the Indonesian criminal justice system, provided that future reforms focus on institutional coherence, victim protection, professional capacity development, and comprehensive monitoring mechanisms.
Criminal Punishment Theory, Retributive Justice, Restorative Justice, Criminal Justice System, Legal Reform.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mardana Rifta Oktaviana, Ali Masyhar, Cahya Wulandari (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Objectification of Conditional Death Penalty Criteria Under Article 100 of The Criminal Code Perspective Legality And Legal Certainty
This study examines the regulation of conditional death penalty under Article 100 of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code from the perspectives of legality and legal certainty while formulating objective and accountable assessment criteria for sentence commutation. Employing a normative legal research method, the study utilizes statutory and conceptual approaches supported by primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The analysis demonstrates that the introduction of a ten year probation period reflects a significant transformation in Indonesian sentencing policy toward a corrective and rehabilitative orientation. However, the legal concepts of remorse and commendable conduct remain insufficiently defined, creating risks of subjective interpretation and inconsistent application. To address this problem, the study develops objective indicators based on responsibility acceptance, rehabilitation participation, behavioural consistency, institutional compliance, positive correctional engagement, and social adaptation. The study further proposes a multidisciplinary assessment framework involving correctional officers, psychologists, criminologists, legal experts, and an integrated assessment board supported by documentation, verification, periodic review, and written justification mechanisms. These findings indicate that the objectification of evaluative criteria and the institutionalization of accountable assessment procedures strengthen legality, enhance legal certainty, and improve the legitimacy of conditional death penalty implementation within a rule of law based criminal justice system.
Conditional Death Penalty, Legality Principle, Legal Certainty, Criminal Law Reform, Sentencing Humanization.
Copyright (c) 2026 Novice Afnan El Fikry, Ali Masyhar, Cahya Wulandari, Muhammad Saifullah, Wahid Anshori (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementation Of Strengthening Political Education Through Pancasila Education In Classrooms At Sayyid Yusuf High School, Talango District, Sumenep Regency
This study examines the implementation of political education through Pancasila Education and its contribution to strengthening students' political understanding at Sayyid Yusuf High School in Talango District, Sumenep Regency. The research employed a qualitative case study design involving the school principal, Pancasila Education teacher, and students selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi structured interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis, and were analyzed using an interactive qualitative approach. The findings reveal that political education was integrated into learning activities related to democracy, citizenship rights and obligations, governmental systems, and political participation. The implementation was supported by classroom discussions, democratic simulations, and school based civic activities that provided students with practical democratic experiences. Students demonstrated improvement in democratic knowledge, civic responsibility, political participation awareness, confidence in expressing opinions, and concern for social issues. Several challenges were identified, including limited access to technology, geographic constraints associated with island conditions, varying levels of political literacy, and exposure to digital misinformation. The study highlights the importance of contextual civic learning, digital literacy strengthening, and institutional support in fostering democratic citizenship and political resilience among secondary school students.
Pancasila Education, Political Education, Political Understanding, Civic Citizenship, Democratic Participation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Iqwan Homaidy, Sunarso Sunarso (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Legal Analysis of the Limitations on the Application of Restorative Justice in the Resolution of Sexual Violence Crimes
This study examines the juridical limitations governing the application of restorative justice in the resolution of sexual violence crimes within the Indonesian criminal justice system. The research employed a nonempirical normative legal method with descriptive analytical orientation through statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. Primary legal materials consisted of Indonesian criminal legislation, restorative justice regulations, and judicial decisions, while secondary materials were derived from scholarly doctrines and peer reviewed legal studies concerning victim protection and restorative justice theory. The findings indicate that significant normative inconsistencies persist between restorative justice policies and statutory provisions emphasizing victim protection, legal certainty, and public accountability in sexual violence cases. The absence of explicit legal boundaries regarding the admissibility of restorative mechanisms has generated interpretative disparities among law enforcement institutions and increased the risk of coercive settlement practices influenced by unequal power relations and social pressure. The study further demonstrates the necessity of reconstructing criminal law policy through harmonized regulations, offense classification standards, verified victim consent mechanisms, and institutional supervision to ensure that restorative justice remains compatible with the protection of victims and the objectives of modern criminal law reform in Indonesia.
Restorative Justice, Sexual Violence, Victim Protection, Legal Certainty, Criminal Law
Copyright (c) 2026 Racha Gusty Recoba Satya Nugraha, Ali Masyhar, Cahya Wulandari (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Development of the Inkit Application Using the Flipped Classroom Model to Enhance Self-Directed Learning and Student Achievement in Economics
This study aimed to develop the INKIT application integrated with the flipped classroom model and examine its feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness in enhancing students’ self directed learning and learning achievement in economics education. The research employed a Research and Development approach using the ADDIE model consisting of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The participants involved 71 eleventh grade students of SMA Negeri 9 Tasikmalaya divided into experimental and control groups through purposive sampling. Data were collected using validation sheets, observations, interviews, questionnaires, and pretest posttest assessments. The findings indicated that the application achieved feasible criteria based on material expert validation of 79 percent and media expert validation of 75 percent. Practicality testing also showed highly positive responses from teachers and students. Inferential statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the experimental and control groups, with a Partial Eta Squared value of 0.559 indicating substantial effectiveness. The N Gain results demonstrated moderate improvement in self directed learning and learning achievement among students using the INKIT application integrated with flipped classroom learning.
Flipped Classroom, INKIT Application, Learning Achievement, Economics Education, Self Directed Learning.
Copyright (c) 2026 Arini Aryanti, Ali Muhson (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Dynamics of Manadonese Language Use in Everyday Conversation in the Digital Era
This study aims to describe the forms and dynamics of Manadonese language use in everyday conversation across two main domains: face-to-face interaction and digital communication in the modern era. This study utilizes William Labov's sociolinguistic theory, which emphasizes language variation as a systematic social phenomenon. The research method employed a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were obtained through observation, digital conversation documentation, listening and note-taking techniques, and interviews with Manadonese speakers of various age groups. The results indicate that Manadonese remains highly vital and serves as a means of intimacy, solidarity, and a marker of cultural identity, characterized by code-mixing with Indonesian and English. Shortening of language forms and linguistic creativity are widely used by the younger generation. Intergenerational variation is also evident, with the older generation maintaining a purer form of language, while the younger generation tends to adapt the language to suit the needs of digital communication. These findings demonstrate that the digital era does not weaken Manadonese, but rather expands its use and encourages the formation of new language innovations. Thus, Manadonese demonstrates strong adaptability and remains an important part of the cultural identity of the people of North Sulawesi amidst technological developments and globalization.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jola Kristiani Liuw (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Digitalization Strategies and Innovation in Traditional Cuisine: Efforts to Enhance the Competitiveness of Nasi Jamblang in the Creative Economy Era
This study examines the role of digitalization strategies and innovation practices in strengthening the competitiveness of Nasi Jamblang as a traditional culinary product within the contemporary creative economy era. The research employed an empirical qualitative design using descriptive analysis based on observations, in depth interviews, and documentation collected from Nasi Jamblang culinary enterprises, including Mang Darma restaurant in Bandung. The findings indicate that digital adaptation has contributed to broader market accessibility and improved business visibility, although the implementation remains uneven due to limited technological capability and managerial experience among several business actors. Innovation practices were reflected through product diversification, adaptive service improvement, branding enhancement, and operational transformation that maintained traditional culinary authenticity while responding to changing market demands. The study also reveals that cultural sustainability plays a crucial role in preserving Nasi Jamblang as a socio cultural identity and creative economy asset connected to gastronomic tourism and regional development. The integration of innovation, cultural preservation, and adaptive entrepreneurship strengthens the long term sustainability and competitiveness of traditional cuisine within increasingly dynamic economic environments.
Digitalization, Culinary Innovation, Creative Economy, Cultural Sustainability, Nasi Jamblang.
Copyright (c) 2026 Arya Yudistira, Ahmad Siroj J, Urfi Arham, Rifki Alpauji, Siska Reina Zuniar, Refa Husni Hanifah, Nurul Hidayah Muhammad, Nur Fadilah, Fajar Wirawardana, Fadly Nurfadila, Itto Turyandi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Strategies For Improving Teacher Performance Through Strengthening Personality And Trust In Private Junior High School Teachers In Eastern Bogor Regency: Empirical Study Using Quantitative Approach with Path Analysis and SITOREM Techniques
This study investigates strategies for improving teacher performance through strengthening personality and trust among private junior high school teachers in Eastern Bogor Regency using an empirical quantitative approach. A survey design was employed involving teachers from accredited private schools, with data collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using path analysis to examine causal relationships among variables. The results indicate that personality exerts both direct and indirect influences on teacher performance, with trust functioning as a significant mediating variable that enhances relational and organizational effectiveness. The integration of SITOREM analysis provides a strategic framework for identifying priority areas of intervention based on indicator optimization and practical relevance. The findings highlight that performance improvement is not solely dependent on individual competence but also on the quality of interpersonal trust within institutional settings. The study contributes to educational management by offering an evidence based model that connects causal analysis with strategic decision making. These results provide practical implications for school leaders in designing targeted development programs that strengthen teacher capacity and organizational performance.
Teacher Performance, Personality, Trust, Path Analysis, SITOREM.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ila Nafilah, Rita Retnowati, Widodo Sunaryo (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Dynamics of Social Identity in A Multicultural Society in Central Kalimantan
This study examines the dynamics of social identity within a multicultural society in Central Kalimantan through an empirical qualitative approach grounded in a descriptive-exploratory design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation analysis involving diverse ethnic groups, including Dayak, Banjar, Javanese, and Madurese communities. The findings reveal that social identity is continuously constructed through everyday interactions, negotiated within contexts of cultural difference and historical tension, and reconfigured through institutional mediation. Patterns of identity formation are shaped by symbolic practices and shared experiences, while negotiation processes reflect adaptive strategies to manage interethnic relations and mitigate conflict. Institutional actors, including educational, religious, and customary bodies, play a crucial role in stabilizing identity dynamics by fostering inclusive norms and redistributing symbolic power. The study contributes to theoretical discussions on social identity by demonstrating the interplay between micro-level interactions, meso-level negotiations, and macro-level institutional frameworks. It also highlights the importance of culturally embedded mechanisms and participatory governance in sustaining multicultural cohesion. These findings offer insights for policy development aimed at strengthening social integration in diverse societies
Social Identity, Multicultural Society, Institutional Mediation, Interethnic Relations, Central Kalimantan.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sriyana Sriyana, Silvia Arianti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Study on the Leadership of Female Principals at SMK Negeri 1 Penawar Tama and SMK Negeri 1 Banjar Margo in Tulang Bawang, Lampung
This study examines the leadership practices of female principals at SMK Negeri 1 Penawar Tama and SMK Negeri 1 Banjar Margo in Tulang Bawang, Lampung, using a qualitative multiple case study approach grounded in an interpretive paradigm. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observations, and document analysis, involving principals, teachers, and administrative staff. The findings reveal that female principals demonstrate relational, participatory, and adaptive leadership characterized by emotional intelligence, collaborative decision-making, and strategic vision. These practices contribute to the development of a supportive school culture and the enhancement of teacher professionalism. Leadership effectiveness is shaped by multiple factors, including personal attributes, organizational culture, teacher motivation, policy frameworks, and technological demands, indicating that leadership is context-dependent and dynamically constructed. The study also identifies key challenges such as administrative workload, gender-based perceptions, resource limitations, and stakeholder pressures, which influence leadership implementation. Despite these constraints, female principals exhibit resilience and adaptability in navigating institutional complexities. This study contributes to the literature on educational leadership by providing empirical insights from vocational school contexts and underscores the importance of institutional support and gender-responsive policies in optimizing leadership effectiveness.
Adaptability, Collaboration, Female Leadership, School Management, Vocational Education.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ari Setioko, Meiliana Bustari (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Civic Engagement and Critical Thinking Skills among Pre-Service Teachers in Multicultural Societies
In multicultural societies, pre-service teachers are increasingly expected to function as educators who are both civically engaged and critically reflective. This study examines the conceptual relationship between civic engagement and critical thinking within pre-service teacher education through a qualitative library-based research approach. Drawing on peer-reviewed literature in teacher education, multicultural pedagogy, and democratic citizenship, the study analyzes how civic engagement experiences contribute to the development of higher-order thinking and ethical awareness among future teachers. The findings indicate that civic engagement, when framed through critical and multicultural pedagogical perspectives, fosters reflective judgment, democratic values, and intercultural sensitivity. Critical thinking emerges as a mediating capacity that enables pre-service teachers to interpret civic experiences analytically and respond constructively to social complexity. The study further highlights the role of critical reflection in transforming community engagement into professional knowledge. Overall, the analysis suggests that integrating civic engagement and critical thinking within teacher education strengthens the preparation of educators capable of promoting inclusive, democratic, and socially responsive learning environments in culturally diverse contexts.
Civic Engagement, Critical Thinking, Multicultural Education, Pre-Service Teachers, Democratic Citizenship.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Nurfaizi Arya Rahardja, Shavira Salsabila, Achmaf Afif Fikri, Moh. Imron Rosidi, Abid Nurhuda, Anjela Karunia Amalia (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Artificial Intelligence in Education: Ethical Challenges and Policy Implications for Inclusive Learning
The growing reliance on intelligent computational systems in education has redefined pedagogical practices, governance structures, and learner experiences, particularly within inclusive learning environments. This study examines ethical challenges and policy implications associated with these systems by employing a qualitative normative approach grounded in critical literature analysis and conceptual synthesis. Drawing on peer-reviewed studies addressing inclusion, ethics, and educational governance, the analysis explores how design principles, institutional policies, and leadership practices influence equitable learning outcomes. The findings reveal that inclusive education is enhanced when ethical considerations such as fairness, transparency, accessibility, and data protection are systematically integrated into policy and institutional decision-making. Conversely, insufficient governance and ethical oversight risk reinforcing structural inequalities and marginalizing vulnerable learner groups. The study highlights that inclusive outcomes depend on the balance between technological mediation and human-centered pedagogy, supported by coherent policy frameworks and professional capacity building. This research contributes to contemporary educational discourse by articulating the necessity of aligning ethical responsibility with policy development to ensure that educational innovation advances equity, participation, and social justice within diverse learning contexts.
Inclusive Learning, Educational Ethics, Digital Governance, Policy Frameworks, Equity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Afkarul Azmi, Samsul Arifin, Yola Mutia Damayanti, Fadli Agus Triansyah, Ismaul Fitroh (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Social Capital and Educational Resilience among University Students in Post-Pandemic Contexts
The post-pandemic landscape of higher education has intensified concerns regarding university students’ capacity to adapt to prolonged academic, psychological, and social disruptions. This study explores the role of social capital in shaping educational resilience among university students in post-pandemic contexts through an integrative conceptual analysis of recent scholarly literature. Drawing on socio-ecological and resilience-based frameworks, the study synthesizes empirical findings from international research to examine how peer networks, institutional trust, and community relationships contribute to students’ adaptive academic functioning. The analysis reveals that social capital operates as a foundational mechanism that mediates psychological well-being, academic engagement, and persistence amid post-pandemic challenges. Institutional environments characterized by relational support, inclusive governance, and collaborative learning cultures are shown to strengthen resilience outcomes, while unequal access to social capital exacerbates academic vulnerability. The study concludes that educational resilience should be understood as a socially embedded and structurally supported process rather than an individual attribute. These findings underscore the importance of relationally oriented policies and institutional strategies in fostering sustainable resilience within post-pandemic higher education systems.
Social capital, Educational resilience, University students, Post-pandemic, Higher education.
Copyright (c) 2026 Oraekesi Stella Chioma, Ngwoke Celestine Ikechukwu (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Language, Identity, and Globalization: Code-Switching Practices in Multilingual Academic Communities
This study examines code-switching practices in multilingual academic communities by foregrounding the interconnected roles of language, identity, and globalization. Drawing on a qualitative interpretive approach grounded in theoretical and analytical inquiry, the research synthesizes established sociolinguistic and discourse-based scholarship to explore how code-switching operates within academic settings. The findings indicate that code-switching functions as a strategic resource through which academics negotiate professional identity, epistemic authority, and social affiliation across diverse communicative contexts. In globalized academic environments, language alternation reflects the influence of linguistic markets, digital communication, and transnational mobility, reshaping norms of scholarly interaction. The analysis further highlights how code-switching supports pedagogical processes, facilitates interaction in multilingual classrooms, and enhances accessibility in digital academic spaces. Rather than undermining academic rigor, code-switching contributes to the richness and adaptability of scholarly discourse. This study concludes that recognizing code-switching as an integral feature of multilingual academic life is essential for rethinking language ideologies, institutional policies, and future research on global academic communication.
Code-switching, Academic identity, Multilingualism, Globalization, Scholarly communication.
Copyright (c) 2026 Assel Aben, Saule Zeinolla (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Integrating Culturally Responsive Pedagogy to Enhance Inclusive Classroom Practices in Multilingual Schools
Multilingual schools increasingly reflect complex intersections of language, culture, and educational equity, presenting persistent challenges for inclusive classroom practices. This study examines how culturally responsive pedagogy can be integrated to enhance inclusion within multilingual educational settings through a qualitative library-based research approach. Drawing on peer-reviewed literature addressing culturally and linguistically responsive teaching, inclusive pedagogy, and multilingual education, the study employs thematic content analysis to synthesize conceptual frameworks, empirical findings, and instructional implications. The findings reveal that culturally responsive pedagogy strengthens inclusive classroom practices by validating learners’ cultural identities, leveraging linguistic diversity as pedagogical capital, and aligning curriculum, interaction, and assessment with learners’ lived experiences. Evidence across studies indicates improved learner engagement, equitable participation, and more accurate representations of student competence when culturally responsive practices are systematically applied. The study concludes that culturally responsive pedagogy serves as a critical foundation for sustainable inclusion in multilingual schools, requiring coherent instructional design, reflective teacher practice, and institutional support to ensure equitable educational opportunities for all learners.
Culturally Responsive Pedagogy, Inclusive Education, Multilingual Classrooms, Linguistic Diversity, Instructional Transformation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Abhay Pandey (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0